Previously published in 1990 under the title Principles of Behavioral Pharmacology. The copyright has now been assigned to the authors C. Robin Timmons and Leonard W. Hamilton who are now making this work freely available online under the title Drugs, Brains and Behavior. Do keep in mind that this psychological textbook may contain out of date information regarding specific drugs.
Each chapter includes a summary, a discussion of the principles presented and a hyperlinked list of the introduced terms. Behavioral neuroscience and other terms are defined in an extensive glossary.
Table of Contents for Drugs, Brains and Behavior Textbook
- Chapter 1: Behavior and the Chemistry of the Brain
- A. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENTS
- Preamble
- Folk Remedies
- The Unveiling of Chemical Transmission
- B. THE SYNAPSE AND CHEMICAL TRANSMISSION
- Basic Principles
- Major Features of Chemical Transmission
- C. THE ORGANIZATION AND LOGIC OF CHEMICAL CODING
- The Autonomic Nervous System as a Model
- Receptor Sites
- Chemical Coding of Brain Functions
- D. INTERACTIONS OF BEHAVIOR, ENVIRONMENT AND BRAIN CHEMISTRY
- Convergence of Disciplines
- Dynamics of Brain Chemistry and Behavior
- Chapter 2: General Methods of Brain/Behavior Analysis
- A. SUBTRACTIVE LOGIC
- The Lesion Experiment
- Subtractive Logic in Pharmacological Experiments
- B. BRAIN TRAUMA AND GENETIC “EXPERIMENTS”
- Anatomical Destruction
- Biochemical Disruption
- C. THE ONTOGENY OF BRAIN CHEMISTRY AND BEHAVIOR
- Development of Brain Structure
- Emergence of Behavior and Brain Chemistry
- Chapter 3: Psychopharmacological Concepts
- A. ROUTES OF DRUG ENTRY AND EXIT
- Drug Administration
- Oral administration.
- Rectal administration.
- Mucous membranes.
- Inhalation.
- Subcutaneous injection.
- Intramuscular injection.
- Intravenous injection.
- Intraarterial injection.
- Intraperitoneal injection.
- Transpleural injection.
- Intracranial injection.
- Intrathecal injection.
- Transdermal infusion.
- Drug Disposition
- Protein binding.
- Liver enzymes.
- Renal excretion.
- Body surface.
- Pools.
- The Net Effect of Drug Entry and Exit
- B. DOSAGE AND BEHAVIOR CONSIDERATIONS
- Dose-Response Curves
- Law of Initial Values
- Drugs Have Multiple Effects
- Individual Differences in Drug Effects
- Calculating Drug Dosages
- C. THE BLOOD BRAIN BARRIER
- D. CLASSIFICATION OF DRUGS
- Methods of Classification
- Behavioral Categories.
- Biochemical Categories.
- Structural Categories.
- Categories are Useful in Understanding Drug Effects
- Chapter 4: Specific Fears, Vague Anxieties And The Autonomic Nervous System
- A. INTRODUCTION
- B. EXPERIMENTAL CONDITIONS FOR THE STUDY OF FEAR
- Pavlovian Conditioning
- Delay conditioning
- Trace conditioning
- Instrumental Conditioning
- Escape learning
- Avoidance learning
- Two factor theory
- Generalized fears
- Conditioned emotional response
- Punishment
- Conflict
- Two way avoidance
- The Human Condition
- C. THE BODY’S RESPONSE TO FEAR AND ANXIETY
- The Adrenal Flight or Fight Response
- General Adaptation Syndrome
- Surgical Shock
- Sudden Death
- Ulcers
- Executive monkeys
- The triad design
- Control of stressors
- Prediction of stressors
- Presence of conflict
- Stressors Revisited
- D. THE PHARMACOLOGY OF STRESS RESPONSES
- The Search for Autonomic Stabilizers
- The Tranquilizers (Phenothiazines)
- The Antianxiety Drugs (Benzodiazepines)
- From Laboratory to Clinic and Back
- Receptors for Phenothiazines
- Receptors for Benzodiazepines
- Anticholinergics as Anti-punishment Drugs
- Treatment of Ulcers
- E. THE AUTONOMIC RESPONSE: CHICKEN OR EGG?
- James-Lange Theory of Emotion
- Schachter and Singer’s Model
- Chapter 5: Pain and Other Stressors
- A. INTRODUCTION
- B. THE REGULATION OF PAIN PERCEPTION
- Pain Pathways and Measurement of Pain
- The Discovery of Opiate Receptors
- Pain Reduction Systems
- Behavioral Effects on Pain Reduction
- Interpretation of pain.
- Placebo and acupuncture.
- An Overview of the Pain Response
- C. IMMUNE SYSTEM RESPONSES TO PAIN AND STRESS
- Survey of the Immune System
- The biological self.
- Humoral responses.
- Cellular responses.
- Behavioral Effects on the Immune System
- Interpretation of the environment.
- Learned immune responses.
- Interaction with endorphins.
- Implications for receptor function.
- Autoimmunity and behavioral disorders.
- D. AN OVERVIEW OF THE RESPONSES TO STRESS
- Chapter 6: Depression and the Reward System
- A. INTRODUCTION
- The Nature of the Disorder
- Clues for a Laboratory Model
- Pavlovian fear and avoidance behavior
- Pavlovian fear and learned helplessness
- Contingency space
- Human models
- Clues for the Chemical Foundations of Depression
- B. CATECHOLAMINES AND THE REWARD SYSTEM
- Medial Forebrain Bundle and Reward
- Pharmacology of Reward
- Transmitter depletion
- Neurotoxins
- Pituitary and adrenal responses
- Overview
- C. BEHAVIORS THAT CHANGE THE BRAIN’S REWARD SYSTEM
- Neurochemical Effects of Helplessness
- Isolation experiments
- Coping responses
- Enzyme changes
- Autoreceptor model
- D. THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES
- Special Problems of Treatment
- Remission problems
- Drug problems
- The Role of Monoamine Oxidase
- MAO inhibitors
- Reserpine model
- MAO isozymes
- Tricyclic Antidepressants
- Choosing the Drug
- Why the Delay?
- Lithium Therapy
- Electroconvulsive Therapy
- E. BEHAVIORAL APPROACHES
- Stress and Neurochemistry
- Stamping in failure
- Positive effects
- Reward and Neurochemistry
- The False Perception of Control
- Chapter 7: Schizophrenia as a Model of Dopamine Dysfunction
- A. INTRODUCTION
- B. CLASSIFICATION OF SCHIZOPHRENIA
- C. EVIDENCE FOR BIOLOGICAL BASES OF SCHIZOPHRENIA
- Distribution of Occurrence
- Genetic Patterns
- Drug Effects and Schizophrenia
- D. BIOLOGICAL MODELS OF SCHIZOPHRENIA
- Searching for a Chemical Label
- The DBH Model
- Rationale
- DBH as a rate limiter
- Other Dopamine Models
- Metabolic pathway theories
- Receptor theories
- Endorphin contributions
- The dynamic synapse
- Movement Disorders
- Chapter 8: General Arousal
- A. INTRODUCTION
- B. SLEEP, AROUSAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE
- Brain Mechanisms of Arousal
- Sleep and the EEG
- Circadian Rhythms
- Arousal as Reward
- C. DRUGS THAT INCREASE AROUSAL
- Strychnine, Picrotoxin and Pentylenetetrazol
- The Xanthine Derivatives
- Nicotine
- Sympathomimetics
- Amphetamines
- Cocaine
- D. DRUGS THAT DECREASE AROUSAL
- Benzodiazepines and Barbiturates
- Alcohol
- Anticholinergic Drugs
- E. DRUGS THAT CHANGE PERCEPTION
- Chapter 9: Tolerance, Drug Abuse And Habitual Behaviors
- A. MECHANISMS OF TOLERANCE
- General Features
- Tachyphylaxis
- Changes in Receptor Sensitivity
- Enzyme Induction
- Rebound Effects
- B. BEHAVIORAL CONTRIBUTIONS
- Behavioral Tolerance
- Pre-Post design.
- Environment and ritual.
- Opponent Process Theory
- C. FOUNDATIONS OF ABUSE
- Terminology
- Self Administration
- Reinforcement restructured.
- Environmental bridges.
- Breaking the Cycle
View this Free Online Material at the source:
Principles of Behavioral Pharmacology
